Reconstrucción maxilofacial de la región orbitaria / Maxillofacial reconstruction of the orbital region

La región orbitaria representa una unidad estética funcional muy importante en la región facial. Se presenta un trabajo retrospectivo de un período de 20 años (2000-2020) de actividad pública-privada en el tratamiento de patología tumoral y traumática de la región orbitaria. Analizamos en 580 casos operados, 184 oncológicos y 396 traumáticos, diferentes aspectos comunes que intervienen en el tratamiento reconstructivo de la región: abordajes, técnicas quirúrgicas, consideraciones anatomofuncionales, principios básicos en cirugía maxilofacial orbitaria y complicaciones, resaltando la importancia del manejo correcto de los tejidos regionales en su reconstrucción. La mejor posibilidad para el paciente de lograr un buen resultado es con una operación primaria correcta. Sus complicaciones son de difícil tratamiento

The orbital region represents a very important functional aesthetic unit in the facial region. A retrospective study of a 20-year period (2000- 2020) of public-private activity in the treatment of tumor and traumatic pathology of the orbital region is presented. We analyzed in 580 operated cases, 184 oncological and 396 traumatic, different common aspects involved in the reconstructive treatment of the region: approaches, surgical techniques, anatomofunctional considerations, basic principles in orbital maxillofacial surgery and complications, highlighting the importance of the correct management of regional tissues in their reconstruction. The best possibility for the patient to achieve a good result is with a correct primary operation. Its complications are difficult to treat

Evaluation of the effectiveness of arnica montana 6ch in the control of postoperative myalgia by isometric effort in dentistry

Arnica montana 6CH is a medicine indicated for inflammatory and painful conditions, especially in muscle structures. The RDC / TMD Axis II questionnaire is a validated tool for the diagnosis of Temporomandibular Muscle Dysfunction. Objective: This multicenter, randomized and controlled study, approved by Human or Animal Research Ethics Committee UniFOA -CAAE: 48680015.3.0000.5237 aimed to verify the clinical performance of Arnica montana 6CH in contractures and muscle pain triggered by isometric stress. Materials and Methods: 70 patients underwent prolongeddental treatment sessions, and they were selected after clinical examination and positive responses to the RDC / TMD questionnaire to confirm signs and symptoms of Temporomandibular Muscle Dysfunction at the first consultation. Randomly, Arnica montana 6CH was prescribed for 35 patients called group I, and placebo for 35 patients called group II, at a dose of 5 globules, 03 times a day, for 1 week. In the second endodontic consultation, after 15 days, a new clinical examination was performed at the beginning and end of the prolonged dental consultation with crossing of data from the RDC questionnaire, to monitor the prevalence of TMD muscle signs and symptoms. The data were tabulated and analyzed. Statistical analysis: The test t de Student was used for paired samples, significant at the level ≤ 0.05%. Results:Anamnetic data from the RDC questionnaire, 86% of the individuals in the GI had lower pain and muscle contracture rates in the second consultation, compared with 22% in the GII. Conclusion:The drug Arnica montana 6CH proved to be effective in preventing muscle changes and clinical symptoms resulting from isometric efforts with a statistically significant difference (p ≤ 0.05).

The effectiveness of the cold therapy (cryotherapy) in the management of inflammatory parameters after removal of mandibular third molars: a meta-analysis

Introduction: Cold therapy (cryotherapy) is a common procedure recommended by dental surgeons after surgical removal of thirdmolars, which is an invasive intervention that often deals with an expressive inflammatory response. Objective: To investigate whether cryotherapy interferes with clinical outcomes such as pain, edema, and trismus in the postoperative period of mandibular third molar surgeries. Data Synthesis: An electronic search was conducted in the OVID, PubMed, VHL, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases, through March 2018. The eligibility criteria included clinical trials that evaluated the effect of cryotherapy in at least one of the following variables: pain, swelling, and trismus. Two independent reviewers assessed the studies. The methodological quality of each article was analyzed. The search strategy resulted in 1,088 articles. Following the selection process, 11 studies were included in the systematic review and 4 of them in the meta-analysis. High risk of bias was found in most of the studies according to the Cochrane Handbook assessment. Patients receiving cryotherapy had less edema than patients in the control group at second day follow-up (mean difference [MD]: -0.94; 95%CI [-1.49; -0.39]). There were no statistically significant results when comparing trismus between experimental and control group (MD: 0.43; 95%CI [-0.34;1.20]). There were insufficient available data to support influences in postoperative pain. Conclusions: Cryotherapy applied on thefirstday aftermandibular third molar removal can manage edema in the patients.Well-designed randomized clinical trials to test the efficacy of cryotherapy after surgical removal of third molars are needed to justify its indication (AU)

Reabilitação da maxila com implantes utilizando a técnica "All-on-Four" - otimizando a estética / Rehabilitation of the maxilla with implants using the technique

A reabilitação da maxila edêntula com uso de implantes normalmente é limitada pela pouca quantidade óssea, devido ao padrão de reabsorção óssea na região anterior e pela presença dos seios maxilares na região posterior. Na tentativa da resolução dessas condições des¬favoráveis, algumas técnicas cirúrgicas têm sido propostas: enxertos ósseos, fixações zigomáticas, implantes curtos e implantes inclinados. Uma alternativa conservadora é o All-on-Four. Os implantes dentais inicialmente foram concebidos para serem colocados em uma posição vertical. Com o avanço das técnicas cirúrgicas, pacientes desdentados totais, extrações recentes, volume mínimo, pobre qualidade óssea e necessidade de enxertos tornaram-se situações desafiadoras para os profissionais. Para essas situações ficou demonstrado que o implante distai inclinado poderia ser vantajoso, já que preserva estruturas anatômicas importantes, permitindo a colocação de implantes mais longos, com boa ancoragem e em ótima posição para suporte protético. O tratamento de pacientes desdentados usando o conceito All-on-Four permite a instalação de uma prótese total fixada imediatamente aos implantes no mesmo ato cirúrgico. Para isto, quatro implantes são utilizados: dois orientados axialmente colocados na região anterior e dois implantes inclinados distalmente colocados na região posterior. Nos implantes da região anterior são colocados abutments retos e na região posterior os angulados, os quais servirão de suporte para uma prótese total provisória com carga imediata.

Edentulous maxilla rehabilitation with use of implants is usually limited by low bone amount, due to the pattern of bone resorption at the anterior region and the presence of the maxillary sinus at the posterior region. In an attempt to resolve these unfavorable condi¬tions, some surgical techniques have been proposed: bone grafts, zygomatic fixtures, short implants and tilted implants. A conservative alternative is the AII-on-Four. The dental implants were initially designed to be placed in a vertical position. With the advancement of surgical techniques, edentulous patients, recent extractions, minimum volume, poor bone quality, and grafts requirement have become challenging situations for professionals. For these situations it has been observed that the tilted distal implant could be advantageous, since it preserves important anatomical structures, allowing placement of longer implants, good anchorage and great position for prosthetic support. The treatment of edentulous patients using AII-on-Four allows the installation of a denture immediately fixed on the implants in the same surgical act.For this, four implants are used: two axially oriented placed at the anterior region and two tilted distal implants placed at the posterior region. In the implants of the anterior region right abutments will be placed and at the posterior region angulated ones will support a provisional denture with immediate loading.

Terapeutica interdisciplinaria para la resolución del mucocele / Interdisciplinary therapeutic resolution of the mucocele

El mucocele es un pseudoquiste de la mucosa bucal originada en las glándulas salivales menores. Constituye el problema benigno más frecuente de las glándulas salivales durante la infancia. Se presenta como un nódulo indoloro, color blanco azulado, de forma redondeada, tamaño variable, aspecto translúcido, fluctuante y firme. En la mayoría de los casos se encuentra inducido por un trauma local menor, como puede ser mordedura del labio, succión o maloclusión dentaria, o por un traumatismo facial con ruptura del conducto excretor de la glándula salival, seguido de extravasación de la mucina en los tejidos blandos circundantes. El tratamiento de preferencia para esta lesión es la escisión quirúgica, cuya técnica detallaremos en el presente trabajo. Si, por el contrario, sólo se drena, hay frecuencia elevada de recidivas. Es de suma importancia determinar la causa primaria que ha originado el trauma para realizar un tratamiento interdisciplinario cuando sea necesario para, de esta forma, evitar reincidencias. La intervención fonoaudiológica está indicada en los casos de mucocele por hábito de succión labial y el tratamiento ortodóntico-ortopédico cuando se determina como causa primaria una maloclusión dentaria. El abordaje integral del mucocele, permite la resolución de todas las causas que podrían haberlo originado y, además, el aporte de las diversas disciplinas otorga calidad a la terapéutica desde un enfoque completo e integrador

The mucocele is a pseudocyst of the oral mucosa arising in minor salivary glands. This entity is the most common salivary glands problem in childhood. It presents as a painless, round, bluish white nodule of translucent and fluctuating appearance and variable size. Most of the cases are induced by local trauma, such as bite of the lower lip or a facial trauma with rupture of the excretory duct of the salivary gland, followed by extravasation of mucin into the surrounding soft tissues. The treatment of choice for mucocele is surgical excision that will be herein detailed. If it is just drained, there will be high possibilities of recurrence. It is very important to establish the primary cause of the trauma for an interdisciplinary treatment if necessary, and thus avoidance of recurrence. Speech therapy intervention is indicated in mucoceles caused by lip sucking habit, and orthodontic-orthopedic treatment for those situations where dental malocclusion is determined as the primary cause. Addressing the different pathologies in an integral way, allows the resolution of all the causes that could have originated them, and the contribution of various disciplines also provides quality therapy from a complete and integrated approach

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient following maxillectomy with orbital exenteration.

The maxillectomy patient despite the drastic nature of the procedure can often be restored to an acceptable aesthetic and functional condition. The treatment of maxillectomy patient presents an excellent opportunity for the surgeon and the prosthodontist to coordinate their efforts to enhance the patient's rehabilitation. This clinical report describes the prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the right maxilla requiring maxillectomy with orbital exenteration.

Cirugía del paladar hendido submucoso. Comparación de dos técnicas / Surgery of submucous cleft palate comparison between two procedures

Introducción: El paladar hendido submucoso (PHSM) es una malformación congénita definida. El tratamiento quirúrgico está indicado cuando se asocia con insuficiencia velofaríngea (IVF). Objetivo: Comparar la palatofaringoplastía (PFP) de incisiones mínimas (PFIM) en dos modalidades: única y con cirugía adicional individualizada (colgajo faríngeo o faringoplastía de esfínter). La cirugía individualizada fue seleccionada y realizada de acuerdo a los hallazgos de la video-naso-faringoscopía (VNF) y la video-fluoroscopía de vistas múltiples (VFVM). Material y Métodos: 72 pacientes se dividieron aleatoriamente en dos grupos. El primer grupo fue tratado con PFP. El segundo grupo se sometió a la PFP más colgajo faríngeo o de plastía de esfínter. Resultados: 37 pacientes conformaron el primer grupo y 35 pacientes el segundo. La edad media en ambos grupos no fue significativamente diferente (p > 0.5). La IVF residual después del cierre del paladar no fue significativamente diferente (14 por ciento y 11 por ciento, p > 0.5). El tamaño relativo promedio del defecto en el esfínter velofaríngeo durante el habla no fue significativamente diferente antes de la cirugía (23 por ciento vs 22 por ciento: p > 0.5). No existió diferencia significativa en el tamaño residual del defecto después de la cirugía. en los casos con IVF de ambos grupos (7 por ciento vs 8 por ciento p > 0.5). Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que la PFIM es una técnica confiable para el cierre palatino en pacientes con PHFM. El uso de la cirugía adicional, no parece disminuir la frecuencia de IVF residual. Además, el tamaño residual del defecto no varió significativamente después de la cirugía adicional.